{"id":956,"date":"2018-02-22T09:00:38","date_gmt":"2018-02-22T02:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tapchidouong.com.vn\/?p=956"},"modified":"2018-02-22T09:02:48","modified_gmt":"2018-02-22T02:02:48","slug":"nguoi-dan-ba-ve-nhac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/?p=956","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0\u2026 v\u1ebd nh\u1ea1c"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, Daphne Oram \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a n\u1ec1n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1edf k\u1ecbch <\/em>“Daphne Oram\u2019s Wonderful World of Sound<\/em>“<\/a> (Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a<\/em> Daphne Oram<\/em>)<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 l\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u.<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"Oram v\u1ebd \u00e2m s\u1eafc tr\u00ean m\u00e1y Oramics<\/em><\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn Daphne Oram, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c thanh \u00e2m, b\u00e0i h\u00e1t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta nghe ng\u00e0y nay. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, n\u0103m 1949 b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft Still Point<\/em> – \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. N\u0103m 1957, b\u00e0 l\u1eadp Radiophonic Workshop c\u1ee7a BBC. C\u0169ng trong n\u0103m n\u00e0y, b\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u00e1y Oramics do ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf. Chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda th\u00e0nh \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “v\u1ebd” ra nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n nghe.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Daphne Oram l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh – c\u00f2n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y th\u00ec v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i g\u00ec (kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Radiophonic Workshop, Delia Derbyshire, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng thu n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c n\u1ec1n trong Dr Who<\/em> – lo\u1ea1t phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh do \u0111\u00e0i BBC s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1963). Gi\u1edd th\u00ec b\u00e0 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u1edf k\u1ecbch m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a<\/em> Daphne Oram<\/em>. Nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed Anneke Kampman tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u01a1i b\u1ea3n b\u00e8 trong v\u1edf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Khi hai nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch Isobel McArthur (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng vai Oram) v\u00e0 Paul Brotherston b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Oram, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. “Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn ra, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng v\u1eady”<\/em>, Brotherston cho bi\u1ebft. “L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea1c s\u0129, nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, t\u1eadn t\u00e2m – nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean \u2018tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng\u2019”.<\/em><\/p>\n

Oram m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 2003, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 – kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi b\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u00e2m thanh v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t nam t\u00ednh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng theo l\u1ed1i m\u00f2n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"Oram gi\u00fap thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c BBC th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Radiophonic Workshop n\u0103m 1958. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 5 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi series Dr Who<\/em><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a<\/em> Daphne Oram <\/em>b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u c\u1ee7a Oram \u1edf Wiltshire, n\u01a1i b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. Khi Oram 17 tu\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, Leslie Flint (ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1942). \u00d4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i t\u1eeb \u201cc\u00f5i ngo\u00e0i\u201d \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n, Oram s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. Nghe v\u1eady, cha c\u1ee7a Oram \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho b\u00e0 b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp y t\u00e1, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c (kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i trong \u0111\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y, Oram quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed, b\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thuy\u1ebft l\u1eadp d\u1ecb, ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa s\u00f3ng \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n).<\/p>\n

Trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, Oram kh\u00f4ng \u0111i theo l\u1ed1i m\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i. N\u0103m m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i, b\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Royal College of Music (Vi\u1ec7n \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c Ho\u00e0ng gia) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ea1c (music balancer) \u1edf BBC. Trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c x\u01b0\u1edfng phim, v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e2m thanh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed – v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c. “Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc camera v\u00e0 phim chi\u1ebfu r\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian trong c\u00e1ch k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn microphone (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh sang t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n) v\u00e0 b\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c”,<\/em> Oram \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u0103m 1952.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u201cthao t\u00fang\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u0103ng t\u1eeb khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 – ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n tua nhanh hay tua ch\u1eadm, c\u1eaft hay gh\u00e9p l\u1edbp c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ghi \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c m\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Trong khi nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00ean phong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00e1c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, th\u00ec \u1edf Anh, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng – \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ebb. Oram v\u00e0 Desmond Briscoe, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c BBC l\u1eadp Radiophonic Workshop, nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecf \u0111i c\u1ee7a Royal Albert Hall (Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Ho\u00e0ng gia c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi g\u1ea7n 140 n\u0103m \u1edf Anh).<\/p>\n

Oram \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e2m thanh whizzy (nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh m\u1edbi, th\u00fa v\u1ecb, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t) cho c\u00e1c v\u1edf k\u1ecbch tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o – v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u1ea1c phim Samuel Beckett\u2019s All That Falls<\/em> – nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00ec v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c. Oram, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3n l\u00f2ng, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i, \u201ch\u00e0nh h\u1ea1\u201d<\/a> c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u0103ng ghi \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng thu multi-track (\u00e2m thanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e3nh) ri\u00eang, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m giao h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 Oram b\u1ecb cho ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, h\u1ecd quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e2m thanh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, Oram t\u1eeb b\u1ecf. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho Radiophonic Workshop, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn n\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tr\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

V\u1ebd nh\u1ea1c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"B\u1ee9c tranh c\u1ee7a Victoria Morton v\u1ebd Daphne Oram<\/em><\/p>\n

Oram m\u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng thu ri\u00eang \u1edf Tower Folly, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u0103n h\u1ea7m s\u1ea5y n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf Kent. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c tape manipulation ti\u00ean phong (nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n h\u00f2a nh\u1ea1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda v\u00e0 b\u0103ng); bao g\u1ed3m Four Aspects (1960), nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u twirling (xoay nhanh) c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u1ecbp n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1ng r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 \u00e2m thanh c\u1ecd r\u1eeda xung quanh, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe t\u1ea1i Queen Elizabeth Hall n\u0103m 1968; Pulse Persephone vang d\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng cho tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m Treasures of the Commonwealth \u1edf Royal Academy of Arts. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng x\u1ee7ng xo\u1ea3ng cho Lego v\u00e0 Nestea) \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u00e0 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, Oram \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i danh v\u1edbi s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: m\u00e1y Oramics. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecd s\u1ee9c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7u s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 tia \u00e2m c\u1ef1c – cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u00e2m. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1ebd d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 \u00e2m thanh b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n nghe tr\u00ean phim 35mm, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 rung, \u00e2m s\u1eafc… m\u00e1y qu\u00e9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh \u00e2m thanh d\u1ea1ng x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng chu\u1ed7i s\u1edbm – v\u00e0 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980.<\/p>\n

\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng “\u00e2m nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda” \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eaft ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c Oram. N\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, v\u00f4 h\u1ed3n, m\u00e0 r\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o (nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c). “C\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, tr\u00ean Oramics, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ebd th\u00f4i”<\/em>, McArthur ch\u1ec9 ra. “B\u1ed9 giao di\u1ec7n c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Oram, r\u1eb1ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c rung \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed3n \u00e0o – \u00e2m thanh l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. T\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y h\u1ee9ng kh\u1edfi”.<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1972, Oram xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n (tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0): An Individual Note of Music, Sound and Electronics<\/em> (Ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Oram c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, \u201cn\u00f3i\u201d ra sao, sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5, bao g\u1ed3m “m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng t\u1eaft d\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh”.<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng “d\u1ecb”<\/a> nh\u01b0ng Oram v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. McArthur cho bi\u1ebft: “B\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00e0 quy\u1ebfn r\u0169, t\u1eed t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac”. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n th\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: Oram b\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft ra l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng).<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Oram v\u1eeba ra m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh b\u00e0. Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng do PRS Foundation v\u00e0 New BBC Radiophonic Workshop t\u1ea1o ra, \u0111\u1ec3 “t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c”.<\/em> An Individual Note<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 kho th\u00f4ng tin l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u1ec1 b\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Goldsmiths, London. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Science \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m m\u00e1y Oramics nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Apple v\u1eeba ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Oramics. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 2016, b\u1ed9 phim huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i Still Point<\/em> c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 – l\u00e0m n\u0103m 1949 nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd chi\u1ebfu – cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ra m\u1eaft kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3. S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Oram trong s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c electro-acoustic cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. V\u00e0 v\u1edbi Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a<\/em> Daphne Oram<\/em>, hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

NGUY\u1ec4N MINH<\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo BBC<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, Daphne Oram \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a n\u1ec1n \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1edf k\u1ecbch “Daphne Oram\u2019s Wonderful World of Sound“ (Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Daphne Oram) \u0111\u00e3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":957,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[189,188],"class_list":["post-956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-song","tag-nguoi-dan-ba-ve-nhac","tag-vo-kich-daphne-orams-wonderful-world-of-sound"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=956"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":962,"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956\/revisions\/962"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/douongvietnam.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}